Current vaccines are based on rapid vaccine platforms such as messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), adenovirus vectors, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vectors, and inactivated and protein subunit vaccines. In the face of rapidly emerging VOCs, vaccine platforms with long development durations and pathways have been largely overlooked.
Novel vaccines are required to induce long-term and broader immune protection against current SARS-CoV-2 VOCs and those yet to emerge. An intranasal (i.n.) single-dose LAV vaccine is being developed by Codagenix and Serum Institute of India and has finished Phase I clinical trials with promising immunogenicity and safety.
In the present work, researchers reviewed LAV vaccines and their efficacy against SARS-CoV-2.